How to Change File Permissions in cPanel
This guide shows you how to change file permissions using cPanel. File permissions control who can read, write, and execute files on your website, helping keep your site secure and functioning correctly.
What are File Permissions?
File permissions define who can access and modify your website files. They are usually represented by numbers like 644 or 755, which control read, write, and execute access.
Step-by-Step Instructions
Step 1: Login to cPanel
Access your hosting account and open your cPanel dashboard.
Step 2: Open File Manager
Go to the Files section and click File Manager.
Step 3: Select File or Folder
Right-click the file or folder you want to edit.
Step 4: Change Permissions
Select Permissions and adjust the values.
Step 5: Apply Changes
Click Save to update the permissions.
Common Permission Settings
644
Standard permission for files.
755
Standard permission for folders.
600
More restrictive access for sensitive files.
Recommended WordPress File Permissions
If you're running a WordPress website, the following file permissions are recommended for security and proper functionality.
| File / Folder | Permission | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| All folders | 755 | Allows access but prevents unauthorized changes |
| All files | 644 | Standard secure file access |
| wp-config.php | 600 | Protects sensitive database credentials |
| .htaccess | 644 | Controls redirects and security rules |
| wp-content/uploads | 755 | Allows media uploads to function correctly |
Important
Avoid setting permissions to 777, as this allows anyone to modify files and can lead to serious security issues.
WordPress Not Working?
Incorrect permissions can cause issues such as:
- 403 Forbidden errors
- Images not uploading
- Plugins or themes failing to install
Important Notes
Security Risk
Setting permissions too high (e.g. 777) can expose your site to attacks.
Correct Defaults
Most websites work correctly with 644 (files) and 755 (folders).
Fixing Errors
Incorrect permissions can cause “403 Forbidden” errors.
Common Issues & Fixes
403 Forbidden Error
Check file permissions are not too restrictive.
Website Not Loading
Ensure key files like index.php have correct permissions.
Changes Not Saving
Try refreshing File Manager or checking ownership settings.
